Getting Started with Docker (Linux)

For this project I really start from scratch and describe each step as clearly as I can.
After all, this blog series should also become my project documentation...
If it helps someone else as well, then this is a nice side effect.

Provisioning a Docker Host System:

Download ISO:

debian-10.2.0-amd64-netinst.iso
Reference: https://www.debian.org/distrib/netinst

Why choosing debian?

simply because it is the base for several other Distris, including the two most popular desktop Linux Ubuntu and Mint.
because Linux is the most used OS hosting websites and wbapplications

Reference: https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/os-linux

VM- and Operating System Provisioning:

Remarks:
If some settings doesn't fit to your needs choose different settings
<value> - placeholder for a custom value

Steps:

Create VM - I am using a VMware ESXi host, but any other virtualization platform should work as well
Boot the operating system from the installation media
Select graphical installation option - Graphical Install
Select language - English
Select Location - other,Europe,Austria,en_US.UTF-8
Select the keyboard layout - German
Define Hostname - <Hostname - e.g. "DOCKSRV">
Define domain -<Domain - e.g. ".organisation.local">
Root Passwort - <root password>
Additonal User Name - <Name - e.g. "Max Mustermann">
Additonal User ID - <ID - e.g. "mmuster" >
Additonal User Passwort - <user password>
Partition Disks - Use entried Disk and set up LVM, All Files in one partition,max
Configue Packet Manager - Austria,debian.sil.at
Popularity-Contest - No
Software Selection - SSH server,standard system utilities
Grub Boot Loader - Yes, /dev/sda

Configure the SSH server:

Edit configuration file with "Nano" - nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 120
#PermitRootLogin without-password
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes yes

Restart SSH service - service ssh restart

Configuring the network interface:

Edit configuration file with "Nano - nano /etc/network/interfaces

#Loopback Interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# Ethernet Schnittstelle
allow-hotplug ens32
iface ens32 inet static
address <xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx>
netmask <xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx>
gateway <xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx>
dns-nameserver <xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx>
dns-nameserver <xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx>

Package list update - apt-get update
Install Resolvconf - apt-get install resolvconf
Restart network - service networkin restart
Start network interface - ifup ens32
Retrieving network information - ip ad

Install Docker:

Install dependency packages - apt -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common
Add Docker’s official GPG key - curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | apt-key add -
Add the Docker repository to Debian 10 - add-apt-repository \ "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \ $(lsb_release -cs) \ stable"
Package list update - apt-get update
Install Docker - apt -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
Checking the status - sudo systemctl status docker

Installing Docker - Compose:

Download the latest Compose - curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/docker/compose/releases/latest \ | grep browser_download_url \ | grep docker-compose-Linux-x86_64 \ | cut -d '"' -f 4 \ | wget -qi -
- Make the file executeable - chmod +x docker-compose-Linux-x86_64
- Move the file to the user path - mv docker-compose-Linux-x86_64 /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
Confirm version - docker-compose version

Configure Compose Command-line completion

Download the latest Compose - curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker/compose/master/contrib/completion/bash/docker-compose -o /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose
Source the file or re-login to enjoy completion feature -source /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose

Install Portainer (Docker Management Interface)

Create a persistent Volume - docker volume create portainer_data
You will find it here: /var/lib/docker/volumes
Running Portainer with Docker

# Old Way:
docker run -d -p 9000:9000 --name portainer --restart always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer

# New Way:
docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9000:9000 --name=portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer-ce

Result:

Reference: